Do not assume coarse pitch
Many shop mistakes happen when an M8 callout is treated as M8 x 1.25 even though the print calls for M8 x 1.0. Read the full thread callout before drilling.
Metric fine threads use a smaller pitch than the coarse series. Use this chart when the callout includes the pitch, such as M8 x 1.0 or M10 x 1.25.
Many shop mistakes happen when an M8 callout is treated as M8 x 1.25 even though the print calls for M8 x 1.0. Read the full thread callout before drilling.
Fine pitch threads usually use a larger tap drill than the coarse thread with the same major diameter because less material is removed by the thread form.
| Tap size | Thread pitch / TPI | Recommended tap drill | Decimal inch | Metric mm | Clearance drill | Thread type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M8 x 1.0 | 1.0 mm pitch | 7.0 mm | 0.2756 | 7 | 9.0 mm | Metric Fine |
| M10 x 1.25 | 1.25 mm pitch | 8.8 mm | 0.3465 | 8.8 | 11.0 mm | Metric Fine |
Tap drill = major diameter - pitch.
Example: M8 x 1.25 uses 8.00 - 1.25 = 6.75 mm, rounded to 6.8 mm.
Tap drill = major diameter - (1 / TPI).
Example: 1/4-20 gives about 0.200 in, commonly #7.
Form taps usually use a larger drill size and create threads by displacing material.
Use clearance drills when a fastener must pass through a part instead of cutting threads.
A common recommendation is a #7 drill bit, which is 0.2010 in or about 5.105 mm.
For metric threads, subtract the pitch from the major diameter. For inch threads, subtract 1 divided by TPI from the major diameter.
No. Roll taps usually need a larger hole than cut taps. Check the tap manufacturer data for the material you are working with.
A tap drill prepares a hole for threading. A clearance drill makes a hole large enough for a fastener to pass through.